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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pathwaydesign</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Pathwaydesign</b> (auch <i>metabolic engineering</i>) ist eine Methode der <a href="Biochemie" title="Biochemie">Biochemie</a>, bei der die <a href="Stoffwechselweg" title="Stoffwechselweg">Stoffwechselwege</a> durch <a href="Proteindesign" title="Proteindesign">Proteindesign</a> geändert werden. Das Pathwaydesign ist eine Form des <a href="Rationales_Design" title="Rationales Design">rationalen Designs</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p>Beim Pathwaydesign werden durch Proteindesign bestehende <a href="Enzym" title="Enzym">Enzyme</a> so verändert, dass auch das <a href="Substrat_(Biochemie)" title="Substrat (Biochemie)">Substrat</a> oder das <a href="Produkt_(Chemie)" title="Produkt (Chemie)">Produkt</a> geändert wird. Ebenso können durch Ergänzung des <a href="Genom" title="Genom">Genoms</a> mit <a href="Gen" title="Gen">Genen</a> von Enzymen neue Enzyme in einen Organismus eingeführt werden, bei Bakterien erfolgt dies meistens mit einem <a href="Plasmid" title="Plasmid">Plasmid</a>. Dadurch können neue Stoffwechselwege in einem Organismus konstruiert werden, oder bestehende modifiziert, z. B. zur Vermeidung von <a href="Metabolitenschaden" title="Metabolitenschaden">Metabolitenschaden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Durch modulares Vorgehen kann der Entwicklungsprozess beschleunigt werden.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><i>Selenzyme</i> ist eine Onlinedatenbank zur Auswahl von Enzymen beim Pathwaydesign.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Huimin Zhao: <i>Synthetic Biology – Metabolic Engineering.</i> Springer, 2017, ISBN 978-3-319-55318-4, S. 81.</li>
<li>A. Kumar, L. Wang, C. Y. Ng, C. D. Maranas: <i>Pathway design using de novo steps through uncharted biochemical spaces.</i> In: <i><a href="Nature_Communications" title="Nature Communications">Nature Communications</a>.</i> Band 9, Nummer 1, 01 2018, S. 184, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02362-x">10.1038/s41467-017-02362-x</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29330441?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29330441</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5766603/">PMC 5766603</a> (freier Volltext).</li>
<li>Z. Chen, A. P. Zeng: <i>Protein engineering approaches to chemical biotechnology.</i> In: <i>Current Opinion in Biotechnology.</i> Band 42, Dezember 2016, S. 198–205, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2016.07.007">10.1016/j.copbio.2016.07.007</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27525565?dopt=Abstract">PMID 27525565</a>.</li>
<li>B. Delépine, T. Duigou, P. Carbonell, J. L. Faulon: <i>RetroPath2.0: A retrosynthesis workflow for metabolic engineers.</i> In: <i>Metabolic engineering.</i> Band 45, Januar 2018, S. 158–170, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2017.12.002">10.1016/j.ymben.2017.12.002</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29233745?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29233745</a>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Sun, J. G. Jeffryes, C. S. Henry, S. D. Bruner, A. D. Hanson: <i>Metabolite damage and repair in metabolic engineering design.</i> In: <i>Metabolic engineering.</i> Band 44, November 2017, S. 150–159, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2017.10.006">10.1016/j.ymben.2017.10.006</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29030275?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29030275</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. T. Boock, A. Gupta, K. L. Prather: <i>Screening and modular design for metabolic pathway optimization.</i> In: <i>Current Opinion in Biotechnology.</i> Band 36, Dezember 2015, S. 189–198, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2015.08.013">10.1016/j.copbio.2015.08.013</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26432992?dopt=Abstract">PMID 26432992</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Taniguchi, K. Okano, K. Honda: <i>Modules formetabolic engineering: Pathway assembly for bio-based production of value-added chemicals.</i> In: <i>Synthetic and systems biotechnology.</i> Band 2, Nummer 2, Juni 2017, S. 65–74, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2017.06.002">10.1016/j.synbio.2017.06.002</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29062963?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29062963</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5636945/">PMC 5636945</a> (freier Volltext).</span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Carbonell, J. Wong, N. Swainston, E. Takano, N. J. Turner, N. S. Scrutton, D. B. Kell, R. Breitling, J. L. Faulon, O. Stegle: <i>Selenzyme: Enzyme selection tool for pathway design.</i> In: <i>Bioinformatics.</i> [elektronische Veröffentlichung vor dem Druck] Februar 2018, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics%2Fbty065">10.1093/bioinformatics/bty065</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29425325?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29425325</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://selenzyme.synbiochem.co.uk/">http://selenzyme.synbiochem.co.uk/</a></span>
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